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People around the world are living longer than average. In 1950, the average life expectancy worldwide was only 64 years. By 2015, it had risen to 71 years. This progress has not been easy for some countries. Various diseases, epidemics and unforeseen events have affected the average life expectancy of many. Premature death can also occur due to terrorism, war and natural disasters. These factors are responsible for 0.5% of the world's deaths. But many around the world are still dying at a young age. Again, for all the reasons that could have been prevented. When a person dies, the story of how he actually died changes over time. The cause of death in the world In 2016, about 56 million people died in the world. This number is more than one crore as compared to 1990. Because the world population has increased and people are living longer on average. Non-communicable but complex diseases account for more than 70% of all deaths. Although these diseases have not spread from person to person, they are slowly increasing. Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death in humans. Heart problems are currently responsible for one in three deaths. Heart problems also double the risk of cancer, which is the second leading cause of death in the world today. Currently one in six people die of cancer. Other non-communicable diseases are also on the list of risky diseases responsible for human deaths. Especially diabetes, some respiratory diseases and dementia are at the top of the list. Death for reasons that could have been prevented The reason for much more frustration is that many people are still dying from preventable diseases. According to 2017 estimates, about 1.6 million people worldwide have died of diarrhea. Diarrhea is one of the top 10 causes of death in the world. In some countries, diarrhea is one of the leading causes of death. The death rate of newborns in the first 28 days of their life due to various diseases stood at 1.8 million in 2017. This death rate varies from country to country. In Japan, less than one in 1,000 babies die within 28 days of birth. But in many poverty-stricken countries of the world, one out of every 200 newborns dies in Peru in 28 days. Thus, the death toll from various preventable diseases is increasing. On the other hand, road accidents are another major cause of death in rich countries as well as poor countries. The study claims that 1.2 million people died in road accidents worldwide in 2017. In recent decades, road deaths have dropped significantly in many high-income countries. But the number of people killed on roads around the world is still almost the same. Meanwhile, many people around the world are dying of suicide and murder. The suicide rate in the UK has increased 16 times. Suicide is the leading cause of death in men between the ages of 20 and 40. Some kind of death What causes people to die changes over time in a country. Infectious diseases used to kill many people, which is now relatively low. In 1990, one in three deaths was due to infectious and contagious diseases. But by 2017, one in five deaths was due to this contagious disease. Children in particular are most vulnerable to infectious diseases. In recent times, in the 19th century, one out of every three children in the world has died before the age of five. Mortality has decreased Currently, infant mortality rates have dropped significantly due to health, nutrition, healthcare and access to clean water and vaccinations. Infant mortality is now rare in rich countries, as well as in poor countries, such as the United Kingdom or Sweden. Reducing child mortality worldwide is thus one of the greatest successes of modern healthcare. The infant mortality rate has dropped by half in recent decades as the fight against infectious diseases continues. The same picture applies to older people. Their non-communicable disease mortality rate has also come down. For many countries, this is a cause for concern. Because prolonging the life expectancy of the elderly in the long run, it has created a kind of pressure on the relatives and the health care system. However, any unforeseen event can completely reverse this picture. The HIV / AIDS crisis in the 1980s is a prime example. This epidemic shook the whole world. Notably, it had an impact on the average life expectancy of people, especially in North African countries. Survival trends have improved over the decades, but have since declined significantly. With the spread of anti-retroviral therapy, treatment and prevention of the disease, the number of deaths due to AIDS worldwide has dropped in just a decade - from 2 million to 1 million. From then on, countries began to restore the image of their longevity. Progress is also made in rich countries. Reasons for increased risk of death: However, in the last few years, life expectancy in the United States has declined somewhat. The reason for this is said to be the use of opium as a drug. The survival rate of new mothers, however, has not increased steadily. There are about 10 countries, including the United States, where a young mother is at risk of death during or after childbirth.
There is more than that. The overall picture today is quite positive. Because we can live longer. The infant mortality rate from preventable diseases has also come down. But it is also true that we still have a long way to go. In addition, sanitation, hygiene knowledge, nutrition, vaccination and basic health care have further contributed to the development of the situation. Strengthening the security system and providing mental health is another reason to change this picture. If we can continue this recent progress, it will be more complicated to understand why people die.